摘要：
HttpComponents，主要是提供对htt...
HttpComponents，主要是提供对http服务器的访问功能，目前已经集成了一个单独的项目，可见http服务器的访问绝非易事。
在某些时候可能需要通过程序来访问这别人的接口，比如从别人的接口中获取一些数据。如果对方仅仅是一个很简单的页面，那我们的程序会很简单，。但是考虑到一些服务授权的问 题，很多公司提供的页面往往并不是可以通过一个简单的URL就可以访问的，而必须经过注册然后登录后方可使用提供服务的页面，这个时候就涉及到 COOKIE问题的处理。我们知道目前流行的动态网页技术例如ASP、JSP无不是通过COOKIE来处理会话信息的。为了使我们的程序能使用别人所提供的服务页面，就要求程序首先登录后再访问服务页面！再比如通过HTTP来上传文件呢？
HttpComponents项目就是专门设计来简化HTTP客户端与服务器进行各种通讯编程。通过它可以让原来很头疼的事情现在轻松的解决，例如你不再管是HTTP或者HTTPS的通讯方式，告诉它你想使用HTTPS方式，剩下的事情交给 httpclient替你完成。
导入相关的依赖
pom.xml
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId> <version>4.4.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId> <version>4.5</version> </dependency>
博主粗略的封装了发送get与post请求
/**
* 发送请求
* @param url 请求接口
* @param data 携带的请求数据
* @param method 请求方式GET、POST等
* @param connectTimeoutMs 三次握手行为时所设置的超时时间单位毫秒
* @param readTimeoutMs 读写时间，当连接成功时，所执行的操作限时，单位毫秒
* @return 字符串相应数据
* @throws Exception 异常
*/
private String request(String url, String data, String method, int connectTimeoutMs, int readTimeoutMs) throws Exception{
logger.info("请求程序开始");
Exception exception = null;
try{
String result = requestOnce(url, data, method, connectTimeoutMs, readTimeoutMs);
logger.info("相应结果：{}", result);
return result;
}catch (UnknownHostException ex){
// dns解析错误，可能域名不存在
ex.printStackTrace();
exception = ex;
}catch (ConnectTimeoutException ex){
exception = ex;
ex.printStackTrace();
}catch (SocketTimeoutException ex){
exception = ex;
ex.printStackTrace();
}catch (Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
exception = ex;
}
throw exception;
}
/**
* 请求一次
* @param url 接口url
* @param data 请求参数json
* @param connectTimeoutMs 连接超时时间单位毫秒
* @param readTimeoutMs 读取超时时间单位毫秒
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private String requestOnce(String url,String data, String method, int connectTimeoutMs, int readTimeoutMs) throws Exception{
BasicHttpClientConnectionManager connManager;
logger.info("开始发送请求");
connManager = new BasicHttpClientConnectionManager(
RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create().register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
.register("https", SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
.build(),
null,
null,
null
);
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setConnectionManager(connManager).build();
HttpResponse httpResponse = null;
HttpEntity httpEntity = null;
if(method.equals("POST")){
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
logger.info("发送POST请求url：{}",url);
// 指定超时策略
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(readTimeoutMs).setConnectTimeout(connectTimeoutMs).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(data)){
StringEntity postEntity = new StringEntity(data, "UTF-8");
httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(postEntity);
}
// 向服务器发送请求
httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
}else if(method.equals("GET")){
if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(data)){
Map<String, Object> params = JSON.parseObject(data, new TypeReference<Map<String, Object>>(){});
// 获取map集合迭代器
Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Object>> iterator = params.entrySet().iterator();
String getPar = "";// 键值对
while (iterator.hasNext()){
Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = iterator.next();// 指针指向下一行
String key = entry.getKey();
Object value = entry.getValue();
getPar += key + "=" + value + "&";
}
url = url + "?" + getPar;
}
//url = url + "?" + getPar;
logger.info("发送GET请求url：{}",url);
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
// 指定超时策略
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(readTimeoutMs).setConnectTimeout(connectTimeoutMs).build();
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
if (httpResponse != null) {
httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
// if (httpEntity != null) {
// result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "utf-8");
// JSONObject pa = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
// if (pa.get("code").equals(200)) {
// String data = pa.getString("data");
// // 返回值
// JSONObject pa1 = JSONObject.parseObject(data);
// // 取价格
// price = pa1.get("discountedPrice");
// }
// }
}
}
return EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
}
结果数据集处理部分
@Override
public List<Map<String, String>> getSuperviseDepartLists() throws ServiceException {
// 获取督办系统域名
String url = configService.selectConfigByKey("app.supervise.handle.domain");
try {
String result = request(url + "/adminapi/article.article/getDept","","GET", 6000,8000);
Map<String,Object> dataMap = JSON.parseObject(result,new TypeReference<Map<String,Object>>(){});
List<Map<String, String>> list = JSON.parseObject(dataMap.get("data").toString(), new TypeReference<ArrayList<Map<String, String>>>(){});
System.err.println(result);
System.err.println(dataMap);
System.err.println(list);
return list;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new ServiceException(e.getMessage());
}
}@Override
public Map<String, Object> getAccountList(Integer pageSize, Integer page,Map<String, Object> searchMaps) throws LaiKeAPIException {
// 设置接口返回数据
Map<String, Object> dataList = new HashMap<>();
// 构造请求参数
Map<String, Object> req = new HashMap<>();
req.put("pageSize",pageSize);// 每页拉取大小
Integer pageIndex = (page - 1) * pageSize;
req.put("pageIndex", pageIndex);
// 是否加入查询条件
if(searchMaps != null){
req.put("searchParameter",searchMaps);
}
String url = reqIp + "/hpt/v2/Accounts/List";
String reqToJSONStr = JSONObject.toJSONString(req);
try {
logger.info("请求参数{}", reqToJSONStr);
String result = request(url,reqToJSONStr,"POST", 6000,8000);
dataList = JSON.parseObject(result,new TypeReference<Map<String,Object>>(){});
return dataList;
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.info("异常信息{}",e.getMessage());
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
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